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Svetolik Ranković
Svetolik Ranković (Serbian Cyrillic: Светолик Ранковић; Moštanica, 7 December 1863-Belgrade 18 March 1899) was a Serbian author most prominent in the period of Realism. As a realist, he was the first Serbian author to take a significant step towards the emancipation of prose from the laws of event-centered narration. He was referred to as ''the Russian pupil'' for his elegant style.
==Biography==
Svetolik Ranković was born at Moštanica, near Belgrade, on the seventh of December 1863. Ranković's preparation for writing lay in the precocious and omnivorous reading of his boyhood—perhaps stimulated by the example of his father (who was a teacher at the time before becoming a priest) and the scholarly teachers at school. In grammar school he began reading and studying the works of Dostoyevsky, Tolstoy, Gorky, Turgenev, Gogol, Vladimir Korolenko, in fact, all the Russian greats of the nineteenth century, which made a lasting impression on him. After graduating from the Seminary of St. Sava in Belgrade and from the prestigious Kiev Theological Academy in 1888, he returned to Serbia to teach religion, but found a country in flux, economically, socially and most of all, politically. In the Balkans at the time, as in other parts of the world, many people reacted against the authorities and makeshift politics. Agitation for reform was carried on in particular by several intellectuals, among them the most influential were Svetolik Ranković, Milovan Glišić, Janko Veselinović, and Laza Lazarević of Serbia, and Aleko Konstantinov and Tsanko Tserkovski of Bulgaria.
Ranković began publishing his literary works in 1892. In an attempt to debunk the Serbian haiduk myth which reached its apogee with Janko Veselinović's novel ''Haiduk Stanko'' (1896). Ranković's novel ''Gorski Car'' (The Mountain Tsar) which appeared a year later, and may be seen as a counterpart to it. In 1886 Ranković saw the corpse of his father, a Serbian Orthodox priest, after he was killed during a bandit raid on their home, and he also witnessed the subsequent large-scale trial against bandits. Based on these experiences, ''Gorski Car'' eschews Veselinović's melodramatic heroism and represents the outlaw as a violent criminal in a violent society. Ranković's tragic-realist treatment has itself become a classic in Serb literature, but even a 1968 television miniseries based on it was unable to erase the heroic myth in the popular imagination.
He died at Belgrade on the eighteenth of March 1899, of tuberculosis. He was 35.
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